Roshanara Begum

Roshan Ara Begum (1917–1982) was one of the most celebrated Hindustani classical singers of the Kirana gharana, widely honored with the title “Malika-e-Mauseeqi” (Queen of Music). Born as Waheed-un-Nisa in Kolkata during British India, she belonged to a musical family—her father Abdul Haq Khan and mother Chanda Begum were both associated with music. She was also closely related to the legendary Abdul Karim Khan, under whose influence she received rigorous training. 

From a young age, Roshan Ara Begum displayed exceptional musical talent. She began her training early and developed a strong foundation in classical vocal music. Her voice was noted for its richness, clarity, and emotional depth. She later moved to Mumbai (then Bombay), where she continued her training under Abdul Karim Khan for many years, mastering the intricate techniques of the Kirana gharana. 

Her singing style became highly distinctive. She was known for her melodic emphasis, precise intonation (sur), and powerful taans (fast improvisations). Her performances combined technical mastery with deep emotional expression, making her one of the most respected vocalists of her time. She excelled in forms such as khayal, thumri, and ghazal, though khayal remained her primary focus. 

In the 1930s and 1940s, she also worked in films as both an actress and playback singer, which helped her gain popularity beyond classical music circles. She acted in a few Hindi, Urdu, and Punjabi films, showcasing her versatility. However, she remained deeply committed to classical music throughout her life. 

After the Partition of India in 1947, Roshan Ara Begum migrated to Pakistan with her husband, Chaudhry Ahmed Khan, and settled in Punjab. Despite living away from major cultural centers, she continued to perform regularly on radio and television and remained actively involved in promoting classical music. She became a founding member of the All Pakistan Music Conference, an important organization dedicated to preserving and promoting classical traditions. 

Her dedication to music was remarkable—she maintained a disciplined routine of daily riyaz (practice) and was known for her simplicity and humility despite her fame. Many great musicians admired her recordings, and her influence extended across both India and Pakistan. 

In recognition of her immense contribution, she received prestigious awards such as the Pride of Performance (1960) and Sitara-e-Imtiaz (1962) from the Government of Pakistan, becoming one of the first female classical singers to receive such honors. Roshan Ara Begum passed away on 6 December 1982 in Lahore. She is remembered as one of the greatest exponents of the Kirana gharana, whose legacy continues to inspire generations of classical musicians.